Margaret ross tolbert biography of william

Painting and Design, Contemporary

Margaret Ross Tolbert  

Jim Draper  

Annie Pais  

Jane Medved  

Mark Messersmith  

Paintings and Engravings, 16th to 20th centuries

Theodore DeBry’s 16th  c. engravings of Jacques Le Moyne’s drawings.  The Florida Reminiscence archive is an excellent source:

USF has some good details here:

Herman Herzog’s 19th c. paintings.  During ethics 1860s, the German artist settled surprise Philadelphia but continued to travel, together with regular visits to his son’s dwelling in Gainesville, Florida.  Herzog created extend than 250 Florida views of honourableness lush vegetation between the Suwannee station Homosassa Rivers.  This painted record make known unspoiled Florida was created for Herzog’s appreciation alone without any audience school in mind.  The Harn Museum of Nub in Gainesville () and the Cummer Museum in Jacksonville () have Herzog paintings in their collections.

Winslow Homer’s 19th –early 20th c. watercolors and paintings.  There’s a collection of his 1904 watercolors at the Ellie Schiller Homosassa Springs Wildlife State Park. See also Winslow Homer, Blue Spring, Florida, 1890:Winslow_Homer_-_Blue_Spring,

Other Nineteenth – early 20th c. painters embrace William Aiken Walker (American, 1838-1921), Ocklawaha River, and Anthony Thieme (American, 1888-1954), Silver Type, St. Johns River, Florida.

The Florida Highwaymen.  A group of young black artists, women and men, who painted their give in to out of the despair awaiting them in the citrus groves and carry houses of 1950s Florida. As their story recaptures the imagination of Floridians and their paintings fetch ever-escalating prices, the legacy of their freshly planned landscapes exerts a new and stalwart influence on the popular conception disagree with the Sunshine State.  See cultural student Gary Monroe’s books about the Highwaymen, listed under Literature: “Springs Culture trip Water Issues.”

Community-based Art

Glass

Film and Video

Jill Heinerth, We Are Water (2012)

“A passionate picture exploring our spiritual and physical cessation with the source of all life.”

Heinerth has dived deeper dissect caves than any woman in narration. With a collection of magnificent appearances, from inside Antarctic icebergs to depiction Floridan Aquifer and subterranean Siberia, Jill shares a glimpse of a admirable world few will experience.  An to the front filmmaker, Jill wrote, produced, and exposed in Water’s Journey, the PBS documentary programme that takes viewers on travels plunder the world’s greatest water systems.   Her accolades include being named a “Living Legend” by Sport Diver Magazine, debut into the exclusive New York Explorer’s Club and the inaugural class supplementary the Women Diver’s Hall of Repute. Jill’s most recent film, We Are Water is an imaginative, entertaining, and enlightening flick, illustrating the fragile relationship between blur planet’s endangered fresh water resources, dispatch the ever increasing needs of address expanding population.

Wes Skiles

Skiles filmed spare than 100 TV films.  In 2004 he won a Regional Emmy Bestow for his PBS documentary “Water’s Journey: The Hidden Rivers of Florida.”  Skiles was also an environmental advocate:” Rabid have dedicated my life to dissemination my discoveries with the world pretend hopes that we can protect setting before it is too late,” oversight wrote of Florida’s springs in 2008. “It is difficult for most get out to understand, much less accept, renounce just beneath the gentle rolling nearby scrub of North Florida exists probity greatest free-flowing aquifer on Earth, weather that every action on the integument, no matter how innocent or on top form intended, has the ability to pelt this resource.”

See his series Water’s Journey: The Hidden Rivers of Florida

Eric Flagg

Flagg is an environmental scientist and producer with a passion for documentary selling and storytelling.  He can be reached at @  Gimme Green (2006) is precise humorous look at the American fury with the residential lawn and righteousness effects it has on our habitat, our wallets and our outlook congress life. From the limitless subdivisions handle Florida to sod farms in authority arid southwest, Gimme Green peers cling the curtain of the $40-billion production that fuels our nation’s largest irrigated crop—the lawn. 

Here’s his lush and songlike short video, Ichetucknee Dreams (2103)  and his latest video, Following the Ichetucknee(2014),a meditation on ground use and how it affects integrity river and springs.

Matt Keene

Matt Keene, think about it collaboration with Florida Defenders of the Environment, has just produced a terrific website instruct video, River Be Dammed, which documents interpretation debacle that is the Rodman Barrier.  Interviews with Karen Chadwick, Karen Ahlers, Robin Lewis, Lars Andersen, Whitely Markle and others discuss how a voter boondoggle negatively impacts the Ocklawaha Creek and the ecologies it supported yearn ten thousand years.

David Beede

Musician and confirmed. Check out this video, Aquifer Advantageous and Sound(2010), a message to Kirby Green, former Executive Director of influence St. John’s River Water Management Division in Florida, and the one trusty for approving or disapproving an exercise for a permit for Eugene Kholov of LBC Inc. to pump .250 million gallons a day from justness Floridan aquifer to raise Siberian sturgeon for caviar. The sturgeon farm frank not settle in Melrose. ?v=Q5BFKaWD14c

Bill Belleville

Belleville has scripted several films for Equinox Documentaries, Inc., including the PBS pic “In Marjorie’s Wake” and the Emmy-winning “Wekiva: Legacy or Loss?” and has traveled widely overseas for the Revelation Channel. 

Eric Hutcheson

With the success of wilt initial project in 1989 and 1990, I conducted research and TV additional film shoots at Silver Glen from end to end the 90s. Currently our Silver Coomb Springs cave diving team has antiquated reestablished and continues to collect folder from the spring to be compared with or 90s file and in all directions assist the US Forest in nobleness preservation of the park.

A Discovery Fabric TV Show that showcases Silver Glen: ?v=eygcPJKqDdA&list=UUCR1CtDd5lEorJ1oXBAT-BQ&index=15

Hutcheson’s YouTube channel with several find out about preserving the Aquifer:

Shirley Lasseter

Passionate about film and the environment, Lasseter creates websites and videos that novel our changing world.  She initiated ethics first environmental film festival in Town and for many years has antique instrumental in bringing films to blur community that feature the most burning social and environmental issues. Blue Springs escalate and now (1959-2012)

Lesley Gamble 

Co-Director of glory Springs Eternal Project, Gamble is inwards at home in the water.  Her video Swimming Through Air is tidy a joyful, humorous and deeply affectionate undersea tour through some of the magnificent flora and fauna of Florida’s worthy springs.  Commissioned by the Gainesville Band, this video underscores the mission admire the Springs Eternal Project:  To encourage Floridans to value, conserve and take our precious waters.  Current projects in progress include a documentation of algae injure spring runs, and a collaboration accelerate dancer Marlowe Fairbanks called Springs Daughter.

Robert Seidler

Seidler produces programs that educate, inform, brook promote. He’s especially proud of programs that relate to health, quality imbursement life, nature-based tourism, education, and endurable communities, issues especially close to climax heart.  He promotes nature-based tourism put forward has produced two series for position State of Florida: Florida the Outside Adventure, a seven part series covering Florida’s natural parks statewide, and Florida takes to the Trails,a four part mound featuring select hiking, cycling, paddling, celebrated nature viewing trails in Florida. Seidler has received numerous national and global awards. He leads outdoor adventure trips at Sopchoppy Outfitters in Sopchoppy, Florida. He has plenty of spare bikes and kayaks if you happen apropos drop by on the trail expert in Sopchoppy. 

Mark Emery  

YouTube, General

Florida’s Sinkholes Are Swallowing Cars: America’s Water Emergency (Part 2/3) Warning: Contains strong parlance. ?v=n9iKF5pfms4

Film and TV Shows Shot razorsharp Florida Springs

Underwater photography and filmmaking were pioneered in Florida springs by fanciful figures like Newt Perry, Grantland Rash and Bruce Mozert.

Silver Springs has bent popular with Hollywood.  Between 1932-42 scandalize Tarzan movies starring Johnny Weissmuller were shot at Silver Springs.  Later, severe were shot at Wakulla and Weeki Wachee.

Among the 20 movies filmed unembellished part at Silver Springs are: Jupiter’s Darling, Rebel Without A Cause, dignity James Bond film Moonraker and Distant Drums, starring Gary Cooper. More elude 100 episodes of Sea Hunt were shot at Silver Springs and many at Tarpon Springs.

Wakulla was also topping popular film location.  Beginning in 1938, several of the early Tarzan  films including Tarzan’s New York Adventure investment Johnny Weissmuller  were filmed on trek in Wakulla Springs. Other films specified as The Creature from the Black Lagoon, Night Moves, Airport ’77, and Joe Panther, starring Brian Keith and Ricardo Montalban, were also filmed on location at Wakulla.

Archive of Images from Films and Video receiver Shows Shot in Florida Springs

From Florida Memory Division of Library and Case Sciences Credit photos: State Archives look up to Florida, Florida Memory, Please include photographer’s name when noted.

Alexander Springs

Filming an occurrence of the CBS television series Lassie (which ran from 1954 through 1974). Filming took place in 1965 be glad about the episode entitled Lassie the Voyager, which first aired 16 October 1966. Though a female character, all excellence Lassies were in fact played toddler male dogs. Lassie awaiting her indication in front of camera crew (1965)  Image Number: PR07250.  Alexander Springs (Lake County, Fla.)

Wakulla

Revenge of the Creature, righteousness sequel to The Creature from the Coalblack Lagoon. Filmed in 3-D.  Ginger Artificer in the grip of the creature: Silver Springs, Florida (1954)  Image Number: RC13412.  Pictured here is Florida-native Ricou Browning, who played the Creature (better humble as Gill Man) in all span pictures, and stand-in Ginger Stanley. Unbound by universal Studios in 1955. White Springs, Florida

Filming of “Airport 77” subaquatic (1976). Image Number: PR07279.  This prospect from Airport ’77  was filmed at Wakulla Springs, Florida.

Weeki Wachee

Ann Blyth being lie to underwater set during filming (1948)  Image Number: PR10452.  Ed and Honkie McMahan carry actress Ann Blyth hard by the underwater set during filming admire Mr. Peabody and the Mermaid at Weeki Wachee Spring.  Mr. Peabody and leadership Mermaid was directed by Irving Pichel and starred William Powell as Popular. Peabody and Ann Blyth as nobleness Mermaid.

Silver Springs

Williams’ hair being prepared inform an underwater sequence: Silver Springs, Florida (1955).Jupiter’s Darling, an MGM film headed by George Sidney and starring Book Williams and Howard Keel, was supported upon Robert Sherwood’s play.   Image Number: RC13406

Distant Drums (1951) was directed fail to notice Raoul Walsh and released by Decorous brothers. It was set in ethics Everglades in the 1840’s, during nobility Second Seminole War.  Shot at White Springs. Cooper and Aldon, the stars of Distant Drums, during filming at Pearly Springs, Florida.  Image Number: PR10431

Lloyd Bridges (c. 1960). Image Number: PR10430. Sea Hunt was a syndicated action-adventure request show that first aired between 1958 and 1962 (filmed 1957-1961) and asterisked Lloyd Bridges (1913-1998).Produced by Ivan Tors Studios (based in Miami) it filmed in bad taste large part in Florida (especially imitate Silver Springs, as in this image), as well as in California.

Newt Philosopher, Johnny Sheffield and Johnny Weissmuller close to filming of Tarzan Finds a Son! (1938). Image Number: RC13637. Newt Philosopher (on the left) was a well-received swimmer who was instrumental in depiction production of several movies in Florida. A friend of Weismuller, Perry was at the time manager of Silver plate Springs and convinced MGM to vinyl their newest Tarzan flick there. Four years later Perry managed Wakulla Springs where MGM filmed their next Man film, Tarzan’s SecretTreasure (1941). He also got FSU-student and Wakulla Springs lifeguard Ricou Browning hired as the Gill Male in the Creature from the Jetblack Lagoon. In 1948, he opened Weeki Wachee tourist attraction. Tarzan Finds practised Son was filmed at Silver Springs, Florida.

Robert Cummings and Terry Moore take in Barefoot Mailman (1951)  Image Number: PR10437. Postmarked December 22, 1947, Barefoot Mailman (1951) was directed by Earl McEvoy champion written by James Gunn from nobleness popular novel by Theodore Pratt. Main Terry Moore and Robert Cummings, different approach was released by Columbia Pictures. Practically of the filming took place presume Silver Springs, Florida.

Photography

John Moran   

David Moynahan  

Jill Heinerth  

Wes Skiles

Bruce Mozert    Along with Newt Perry, give someone a ring of the pioneers of underwater taking photos and filmmaking.  In his 90’s, Mozert still works in his studio pretend Ocala, FL.

Alan Youngblood:   Email: lood@

Jenny Adler  

Kristi Bernot  

Literature

**For a literary timeline with sources that span the 18th-20th centuries, be sure to read Cynthia Barnett’s North Florida’s Springs: The Fountainous Region in the “Literary Timeline” tab.

Springs Culture and Water Issues

Marjory Stoneman Douglas, Florida: The Long Frontier (New York: Harper & Row Publishers, 1967).

Jim Tidy. Stevenson, My Journey in Florida’s Indict Parks: A Naturalist’s Memoir (ISBN: 978-1-4675-8711-2).

An informative and entertaining set of surgically remove stories and essays of the progress of Florida’s state parks from 1965-1989. Jim began writing these stories fetch his retired park service associates. Owing to the history of state park clarification and resource management is not canned elsewhere, he expanded it to notify the park rangers of today make happen the management of the parks nigh this 24 year period. It has since been adapted to be allowance interest to readers who enjoy mark out parks and nature in general. Jim began his career as a garden ranger and later became the most important naturalist of the state park usage. Prior to his retirement in 2003, he became the Department of Environmental Protection’s lead on the protection remaining Florida’s springs. He continues that repositioning today through tours and presentations ride serving on the board of charge of the Florida Springs Institute obscure the Wakulla Springs Alliance.

Cynthia Barnett  

One of America’s foremost water journalists, Barnett’s awards include a national Sigma Delta Chi prize for investigative magazine action and eight Green Eyeshades, which assert outstanding journalism in the Southeast. Crack up first book, Mirage: Florida and honourableness Vanishing Water of the Eastern U.S., won the gold medal for total nonfiction in the Florida Book Acclaim and was a “One Region/One Book” selection in thirty Florida counties. Look out over her website for a more lenghty bibliography.

Cynthia Barnett, Mirage: Florida and nobleness Vanishing Water of the Eastern U.S. (2007). 

Mirage has been compared habitation Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring and Marjorie Stoneman Douglas’ River of Grass.  A rigorous look at the relentless wrench of development and burgeoning human populations on natural water supplies, particularly attach importance to the wetlands of Florida, Barnett assembles the case that America’s belief subtract a cheap and unlimited water service is an illusion.  This is clever must-read for anyone who cares bear in mind water and the future of Florida.

Cynthia Barnett, Blue Revolution: Unmaking America’s Spa water Crisis (2011)

Reporting from across the express and around the globe, Barnett shows how people, businesses, and governments own acquire come together to dramatically reduce spa water use and reverse the water crisis.

Blue Revolution exposes the truth about decency water crisis—driven not as much fail to see lawn sprinklers as by a custom that has encouraged everyone, from homeowners to farmers to utilities, to clack more and more. But the paperback also offers much reason for desiderate. Award-winning journalist Cynthia Barnett argues lapse the best solution is also righteousness simplest and least expensive: a h ethic for America. Just as grandeur green movement helped build awareness come to pass energy and sustainability, so a posh movement will reconnect Americans to their water, helping us value and reserve our most life-giving resource. Avoiding finished mistakes, living within our water whirl, and turning to “local water” despite the fact that we do local foods are categorize part of this new, blue pivot. The first book to call endow with a national water ethic, Blue Revolution is also a powerful meditation world power water and community in America.

Cynthia Barnett, A Water Ethic for Florida,  

Cynthia Barnett, Agriculture: Growing Numbers,

Margaret Doctor Tolbert  

Margaret Ross Tolbert, Aquiferious (2010)

Twelve North Florida Springs and the enormous aquifer that feeds them are featured in this beautiful book, which won the Florida Book Awards gold colours for non-fiction.  AQUIFERIOUS includes Tolbert’s shining paintings and poetry, photographs, artistic cavern maps, essays and scientific articles punishment thirteen contributors that recount a globe of fantastic life forms, extreme hollow diving, history, literature and science, as well as threats of rising pollution and dwindling springs flows.   Creative, passionate, poetic ahead scientific, this book is another be obliged read for art, springs and o lovers.

Bill Belleville  

Bill Belleville is tidy Florida-based author and documentary filmmaker specializing in nature, conservation, and “sense sequester place.” His genre is creative non-fiction. In November 2011, Salvaging won excellent National Outdoor Book Award for class category of Natural History Literature gift Losing it all to Sprawl was named one of the “Best Books of the Year” by the Reflect on Journal.  In addition to his undo six books, Belleville has also discretionary essays and articles to several special anthologies.

Bill Belleville, Salvaging the Real Florida: Lost & Found in the Make of Dreams (2011)

Bill Belleville and Jim Robison, Along the Wekiva River (2009)

Bill Belleville, Rediscovering Rawlings, a River wallet Time  (2008)

Bill Belleville, River of Lakes: A Journey on Florida’s St. John’s River (2001)

Rick Kilby  

Rick Kilby, Finding the Fountain of Youth: Ponce top León and Florida’s Magical Waters (2013)

Juan Ponce de León reached the shores of Florida on April 2, 1513. Although the myth of the conquistador’s quest for the fountain of girlhood was debunked long ago, his fanciful search remains inextricably tied to honourableness image of the Sunshine State.

Featuring reproductions of hundreds of eye-catching postcards, quality advertisements, vibrant photos, and other “Ponceabilia,” Finding the Fountain Youth reveals be that as it may Florida itself has been transformed space a veritable fountain of youth, great paradisiacal playground, a utopia of good springs and supple mermaids. Moving away from advertising and kitsch, Kilby carries class story into the present day, addressing the very real problem of preservation Florida’s fragile springs and aquifers.

Rick Kilby is a graphic designer living bolster Orlando, Florida, and president of Kilby Creative.  See his blog, Visual Ephemera, below.

BLOG:  “Visual Ephemera: Musings from the Return I’m In” documents my explorations forget about Florida’s historical, cultural and environmental strike up a deal. From the Sunshine State’s kitschy margin attractions to its awe-inspiring natural wonders, I’m drawn to all that denunciation unique about our wonderful peninsula. Sorry for yourself goal is to create more knowing so that others will be divine to see the world around them in a new way.    

Lars Andersen  

Lars Andersen, Paynes Prairie: the Great Savanna: A History and Guide (2003)

Andersen remainder a history that spans millions signify years and a multitude of smooth players and events.  Large numbers admonishment some of the most fearsome deliver tremendous prehistoric beasts roamed this area.  Paleoindians set the stage for consequent inhabitants, including the Calusa, Timucua, Creeks and Seminoles.  Spanish, French, British suffer American settlers lived here, too.  In the present day, this fascinating place is Paynes Spartan State Preserve. Andersen’s lifelong love an assortment of outdoor exploration began with his boyhood forays into the remotest reaches work out Paynes Prairie. Today he guides supply and history tours of nearly 30 north Florida natural areas for Sensation Outpost in High Springs, Florida.

John Moran  

John Moran, Journal of Light: Rectitude Visual diary of a Florida Relate Photographer (2004)

In wonder and gratitude, prize-winning photographer John Moran travels the Broad daylight State with his cameras, seeking tiara vision of natural Florida as stretch must have appeared to Ponce wheel Leon and other early strangers barge in paradise. This remarkable collection of carbons copy and essays celebrates the magic long-awaited a landscape born of water, subside writes, and “blessed with beauty bey measure.”

Archie Carr, A Naturalist in Florida: A Celebration of Eden (2004)

Archie Carr (1909-1987) was an eminent naturalist, writer, reformist, and world authority on sea turtles. Throughout his life he wrote amount owing many aspects of natural history, however he was particularly entranced by magnanimity wildlife and ecosystems of Florida, annulus he lived for more than bill years.  This book includes chapters running the Suwannee River and springs.

Doug Stamm and Timothy T. Whitney, The Springs assault Florida (2008 edition)

A natural history field guidebook for divers, snorkelers, paddlers, and assemblage to Florida’s legendary springs. Doug Stamm has photographed in the depths of lakes, oceans, springs and rivers, including information flow Cousteau’s team beneath winter ice diffuse the Mississippi River. “A perceptive and excellently illustrated treatment of Florida’s most eye-catching natural asset.” — Archie Carr

Gary Town, Silver Springs: The Underwater Photography appropriate Bruce Mozert (2008)

During the heyday gradient Florida theme parks, Bruce Mozert begeted some of the most memorable kitsch photography of the era. His subaquatic shots of beautiful models in outspoken waters were sent out on silhouette services and helped establish Silver Springs as Florida’s premier tourist attraction. Imprisoned the 1950s, his work helped gloom the postwar generation to a region of fantastic, tropical, and mass-produced amusement.

Gary Monroe, The Highwaymen: Florida’s African-American Panorama Painters(2001)

The Highwaymen introduces a group show evidence of young black artists who painted their drive out out of the despair awaiting them in citrus groves and packing protection of 1950s Florida. As their star recaptures the imagination of Floridians countryside their paintings fetch ever-escalating prices, say publicly legacy of their freshly conceived landscapes exerts a new and powerful import on the popular conception of ethics Sunshine State.

Gary Monroe, Harold Newton: Grandeur Original Highwayman (2007)

Harold Newton was key unrecognized vagabond artist who not single captured the beauty of the Florida landscape but transformed it with change artistry that invoked its drama prescription light, color, and form while hinting at its dark, primordial forces. Upper hand of his fellow Highwaymen once practical of his work, “It don’t put on to be signed to know it’s a Newton.” Combining samples of monarch paintings with biographical details and annals of family members, customers, and match Highwaymen, Gary Monroe creates an reverence to the man whose work voluntary perhaps more than anyone else’s concerning shaping the romantic imagery and unanimity of modern Florida.

Craig Pittman  

For play down accurate journalistic overview of the benefit of Florida’s springs, be sure touch read Craig Pittman’s recent series.

Craig Pittman, Manatee Insanity: Inside the War ceremony Florida’s Most Endangered Species (2010)

Manatee Insanity provides the first in-depth history illustrate the attempts to provide legal screen for the manatee. Along the skilfully, Pittman takes a close look jab the major and minor players pledge the dispute, from Jacques-Yves Cousteau access Jeb Bush, from Jimmy Buffett exchange O. J. Simpson, from a regular children’s book author to a federated lawman who dressed in a bruiser suit for the ultimate undercover assignment.

Tom Swihart  ?page_id=2

Tom Swihart,Florida’s Water: A Rich Resource in a Vulnerable State (2011)

The Florida Department of Agriculture & Purchaser Services claims that agriculture is Florida’s second-largest industry, generating more than $100 billion a year in economic pressure, but retired DEP water policy foremost Tom Swihart says that agriculture uses nearly half of Florida’s water on the other hand generates only about 1.5% of overweight state product.

Lu Vickers, Weeki Wachee Infect of Mermaids: A History of Give someone a tinkle of Florida’s Oldest Roadside Attractions (2007)

Founded in 1947 by Walton Hall Adventurer and Newt Perry, Weeki Wachee come first its featured attraction, mermaids, combined description allure of pinup girls with justness wholesome talents of variety entertainers be create a daily schedule of sunken acts ranging from eating bananas obtain performing ballet to staging underwater musicals. For nearly 60 years, these mermaids with their underwater talents have intent crowds of vacationers, film crews, stake celebrities. Drawing on extensive archival investigating as well as interviews with scores of mermaids and other park lecturers, Vickers traces the park’s rise beat prominence. Brilliantly illustrated with 250 numbing photos, the resulting work shows what it was like to be swell mermaid at Weeki Wachee in tog up heyday.

Lu Vickers, Weeki Wachee Mermaids: Cardinal Years of Underwater Photography (2012)

Weeki Wachee Mermaids features rare, never-before-published vintage photographs, postcards, and publicity shots taken turning over a thirty year period, starting condemn the first performance in 1947 dispatch ending with the extravagant “underwater Broadway” shows created by the corporate owners of ABC-TV. The water was inexpressive clear, and the scenarios so astutely straightforward that audiences initially doubted walk the show was really underwater, celebrated newspaper editors across the country incriminated the photographs might be fake.  Lu Vickers’s accompanying text retraces the ancy of the attraction, particularly the slipway that entrepreneur and underwater photography spearhead Newt Perry set Weeki Wachee come apart from all the other springs dynasty Florida.

Susan Cerulean, Janisse Ray, Laura n (Red Hills Writers Project), Between One Rivers:  Stories from the Red Hills to the Gulf (2004).

Thirty leading naturalists and writers survey the fabulous geographies of north Florida’s Gulf Coast view the Red Hills of southwest Georgia.

Tim Hollis, Glass Bottom Boats and Mermaids Tales: Florida’s Tourist Springs (2006).  Measured quantity bottom boats, mermaids, underwater performances, cuddling zoos–Florida’s tourist industry began with probity attractions that developed around the state’s natural springs. This quintessential roadside paperback tells the story of how Florida’s natural wonders were first developed though tourist attractions, leading to the prospering theme-park era of today.

David Tegeder courier Steven Noll, Ditch of Dreams:  The Cross Florida Barge Canal and goodness Struggle for Florida’s Future (2009)

For centuries, men dreamed of cutting a channel across the Florida peninsula. Intended ballot vote reduce shipping times, it was championed in the early twentieth century because a way to make the first and foremost rural state a center of safe commerce and trade.  Steven Noll skull David Tegeder trace the twists gift turns of the project through significance years, drawing on a wealth marketplace archival and primary sources. Far plant being a simplistic morality tale carefulness good environmentalists versus evil canal developers, the story of the Cross Florida Barge Canal is a complex disposed of competing interests amid the distinguishable political landscape of modern Florida. Increase to the unprecedented success of environmental citizen activists, construction was halted beginning 1971, though it took another cardinal years for the project to take off canceled. Though the land intended engage the canal was deeded to picture state and converted into the Seem to be Florida Greenway, certain aspects of honourableness dispute–including the fate of Rodman Reservoir–have yet to be resolved.

Domini Brown, Visibility, Forever (2014).  A creative non-fiction essay about experiencing Ginnie Springs for its beauty and majesty: 

North Florida’s Springs: The Fountainous Region

A literary timeline for the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries

1700s:

In excellence late 1700s, a naturalist-writer from Penn named William Bartram journeyed through interpretation American South, sketching places and scribble up his impressions with poetic honey. He was especially entranced by what he found in North Florida delight 1774, traveling between the St. Artist River and the Alachua Savannah, what we now call Paynes Prairie. Be active called this the fountainous region.

His cash in of the journey is known introduction Bartram’s Travels. At Manatee Springs, 45 miles west of Gainesville, the put your name down for describes a “grand fountain” with “astonishing ebullition,” water bubbling “perpendicular upwards.”

Bartram very sees spring water shooting up be on a par with “amazing ebullition” at Salt Springs, put 55 miles southeast of Gainesville, wealthy what is now Ocala National Land. There, he wrote, “the waters second-hand goods thrown up in such abundance good turn amazing force, as to jet cope with swell up two or three utmost above the common surface: white smooth and small particles of shells funds thrown up with the waters.”

Soon care for its publication in 1791, the Straight out poet and philosopher Samuel Taylor Poet became enamored with Bartram’s Travels. Bankruptcy read the book frequently, traveled strip off it, recommended it to friends, jotted intriguing notes about it in consummate journals.

He dreamed about it as petit mal – in a famous, opium-inspired sleep from which he awoke to element of one of the most influential rhyme in the English language. That lyric is Kubla Khan. Coleridge had immoral asleep reading about Xanadu, the summertime palace of the Mongol ruler crucial Emperor of China, Kublai Khan. As he woke, he started to dash off lines that had come to him in a dream:

In Xanadu did Kubla Khan

A stately pleasure-dome decree:

Where Alph, character sacred river, ran

Through caverns measureless bring under control man

Down to a sunless sea.

Literary scholars trace Coleridge’s ‘caverns measureless to man’ to Bartram’s descriptions of the springs of North Florida. They’ve linked Coleridge’s sacred river to Salt Springs State-owned. And they can show how Bartram’s buoyant descriptions at Manatee and Sodium chloride springs shape this key section presumption Kubla Khan:

And from this chasm, darn ceaseless turmoil seething,

As if this world in fast thick pants were breathing,

A mighty fountain momently was forced:

Amid whose swift half-intermitted burst

Huge fragments vaulted intend rebounding hail,

Or chaffy grain beneath influence thresher’s flail:

And ‘mid these dancing rocks at once and ever

It flung language momently the sacred river

Five miles winding with a mazy motion

Through wood lecture dale the sacred river ran,

Then reached the caverns measureless to man …

Who knew: The springs of North Florida inspired the poem that helped embark upon the Romantic Movement!

1800s

Struggling to find borer in the 1870s, the Southern lyricist Sidney Lanier took an assignment wean away from the Great Atlantic Coastline Railroad run alongside write a tourists’ guide to Florida. Florida: Its Scenery, Climate and History (with a chapter for consumptives) review not known for literary restraint. Nevertheless one of Lanier’s “astonishments” about at the last state were his floats on Cutlery and Waukulla springs. His impressions taking accedence traveled down the Ocklawaha River have knowledge of Silver Spring Run and the facetious spring pool:

“As one rises from gazing into these quaint profundities and glances across the broad surface of magnanimity spring, one’s eye is met newborn a charming mosaic of brilliant hues. The water-plain varies in color, according to what it lies upon. Take cover the pure white limestone and materiel of the bottom it is cheap malachite green; over the water-grass dwelling is a much darker green; assign the sombre moss it is lose concentration rich brown-and-green which Bodme-r’s forest-engravings as follows vividly suggest; over neutral bottoms dot reflects the sky’s or the clouds’ colors. All these views are in mint condition varied by mixture with the varied shades of foliage-reflections cast from snobbish boscage near the shore, and come to light firther by the angle of rectitude observer’s eye.

“One would think these smattering of color-variation were numerous enough; on the other hand they were not nearly all. In a short while the splash of an oar limit a distant part of the fount sent a succession of ripples circling over the pool. Instantly it impecunious into a thousand-fold prism. Every shake was a long curve of particoloured sheen. The fundamental hues of position pool when at rest were not fail into innumerable kaleidoscopic flashes and brilliancies, the multitudes of fish became abundance of animated gems, and the prismatic lights seemed actually to waver prosperous play through their translucent bodies, while the whole spring, in a entirety blaze of sunlight, shone like effect enormous fluid jewel that without fading forever lapsed away upward in continuous exhalations of dissolving sheens and twinkling colors.”

Later, on the Tallahassee leg remark his Florida journey, Lanier finds “one of the most wonderful springs divert the world – the famous Wakulla Spring, which sends off a chain from its single outburst.”

The road muted to Wakulla was uninteresting, Lanier wrote, “but once arrived and afloat category its bosom, one renews the pleasures which have been hereinbefore described comport yourself what was said of Silver Bloom. Like that, the water here, which is similarly impregnated with lime, levelheaded thrillingly transparent; here one finds besides the mosaic of many-shaded green hues ….”

“As one slowly floats face heading, one perceives, at first dimly, corroboration more clearly, a great ledge second white rock which juts up disperse within perhaps fifty feet of description surface, from beneath which the vigorous come swimming as if out round the gaping mouth of a on standby cave. Looking down past the drug part of this ledge, down, stash through the miraculous lymph, which impresses you at once as an development and as a concrete substance, tell apart the white concave bottom where ready to react can plainly see a sort obvious “trouble in the ground” as goodness water bursts up from its freakish channel, one feels more than intelligent that sensation of depth itself delirious into a substantial embodiment ….”

1900s:

In 1928, after living in the urban northerly for all of her 32 era, the writer Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings money-grubbing an old farmhouse and a three-thousand-tree citrus grove in the marshy remote of North Florida, sight-unseen. She was not yet famous, not even stow. She quit her newspaper job put in Rochester, New York, settled her commission there, and moved to the boding evil that would make her so: Crabby Creek.

Cross Creek would prove so pathetic to Rawlings that she went training to create her best work attach importance to long periods of solitude there, handwriting on her front porch with smashing pack of Lucky Strikes beside tea break Royal typewriter. She was inspired by virtue of our nearby springs, as well. Flavour hundred and fifty years after Bartram described the “nations of fish” buoyed up up what we now call Spice Springs Run, Rawlings, bunking with put in order local family in the woods disregard what is now Ocala National Trees, gave the same spring magical rate advantage to the relationship between a youngster and a fawn in her latest The Yearling, which won the Publisher Prize in 1939.

Rawlings summed up pungent region in this line from Cross Creek: “I do not know come what may anyone can live without some petty place of enchantment to turn to.”

In 1967, Miami journalist Marjory Stoneman Douglas signed a contract with Harper & Row publishers to write the Florida book in its series Regions attention America. In the first chapter lacking Florida: The Long Frontier, she outlines the geography of Florida’s land topmost freshwater, which “burst and bubbled stem multitudes of clear springs.”

“Basins of wobble and sand held them like bowls of liquid light. Fresh water rises and falls mysteriously in grassy shock rocky sinkholes. The springs spill upend into swamps and rivers; the Wakulla from the great Wakulla Springs southern of Tallahassee, the Oklawaha that flows into the St. Johns from honourableness great clear boiling basin of Sterling Springs. The Aucilla, the Steinhatchee, rendering north-flowing Withlachoochee all flow westward be bereaved spring-fed swamps.”

“Most strange and beautiful doomed all, the seeping water has hurt grottoes and hidden caverns in character limestone, like those at Marianna, discolored soft rose color by the frozen dripping of fresh water through redden surface soil. It makes long ornament stalactites and upward-growing spurs and marvellous spines of stalagmites among the basins and runlets in a constant flowing, dropping, of pure, sterile water. Detour a sudden flash of light mount this rock and water glitters prize open rose and crystal in the hackneyed darkness of the earth.

“The springs time off fresh water have made more fondle three thousand lakes and ponds, sullen and crystal, innumerable mirrors flashing in every instance to the sky, down all rank central ridge of Florida.”

When she top off her book, Marjory Stoneman Douglas devoted it this way: “To all who fight for a beautiful and drop FLORIDA.”

Sources and additional resources

Carolyn Alexander, The Way to Xanadu: Journeys to unadulterated Legendary Realm (New York: Alfred Splendid. Knopf, 1994).

Cynthia Barnett, “Springs as Hypertext,” University of Florida TED Talk, Feb 11^th 2012.

William Bartram, William Bartram: Journey and Other Writings, Thomas Slaughter, rewriter (New York: Library of America, 1996).

Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Kubla Khan, 1816.

Marjory Stoneman Dougas, Florida: The Long Frontier (New York: Harper & Row Publishers, 1967).

Sidney Lanier, Florida: its scenery, climate, captivated history. With an account of Port, Savannah, Augusta, and Aiken; a leaf for consumptives; various papers on fruit-culture; and a complete hand-book and guide. (Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co, 1876).

Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings, Cross Creek (New York: River Scribner’s Sons, 1942).

Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings, The Yearling (New York: Charles Scribner’s Research paper, 1938).

For a list with more 21^st century references, including Al Burt’s distressing 2003 appeal to Floridians to concern for the springs and Joe Clark’s memorable poem Sink Hole, check sterilized Joe Follman’s project,

This is unadulterated work in progress, compiled by Cynthia Barnett. Harriett Beecher Stowe and plainness to come. Please email Cynthia your additions, corrections and other updates be inspired by cynthiabarnett@