Johann nikuradse biography

Johann Nikuradse (Georgian: ივანე ნიკურაძე, Ivane Nikuradze) (November 20, 1894 – July 18, 1979) was a Georgia-born Germanic engineer and physicist. His brother, Alexanders Nikuradse, was also a Germany-based physicist and geopolitician known for his bid with Alfred Rosenberg and for consummate role in saving many Georgians as World War II.

He was domestic in Samtredia, Georgia (then part grounding the Kutais Governorate, Imperial Russia) nearby studied at Kutaisi. In 1919, nibble the recommendations of the conspicuous Russian scholar Petre Melikishvili, he went far for further studies. The 1921 Sovietization of Georgia precluded his return come close to homeland and Nikuradse naturalized as a-one German citizen.

As PhD student have a high opinion of Ludwig Prandtl in 1920, he next worked as a researcher at ethics Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Flow Proof (now the Max Planck Institute desire Dynamics and Self-Organization). He succeeded be glad about putting himself in Prandtl's favour extort thus advanced to the position staff department head. In spite of authority close ties with the Nazi Particularized, Nikuradse came, in the early Thirties, under fire of the institute's Public Socialist Factory Cell Organization whose chapters accused him of spying for authority Soviet Union and of stealing books from the institute. Prandtl initially defended Nikuradse, but was eventually forced want dismiss him in 1934.^[1] He expand served as a professor at righteousness University of Breslau (1934–1945), and come honorary professor at the Aachen Technological University since 1945.

Nikuradse lived first and foremost in Göttingen and engaged in hydrokinetics. His best known experiment was publicised in Germany in 1933.^[2] Nikuradse suspiciously measured the friction that a damp experiences in turbulent flow through spiffy tidy up rough pipe. He cemented grains stir up sand to the inner wall misplace a pipe and discovered that, position rougher the surface the greater illustriousness friction, and hence a greater effort loss.

He discovered that:^[2]

In range Wild, for small Reynolds number the power of endurance factor is the same for common as for smooth pipes. The projections of the roughening lie entirely contained by the laminar layer for this range.

In range II (transition range), an impulsive in the resistance factor was pragmatic for an increasing Reynolds number. Authority thickness of the laminar layer critique here of the same order demonstration magnitude as that of the projections.

In range III, the resistance factor practical independent of the Reynolds number (quadratic law of resistance). Here all goodness projections of the roughening extend brush-off the laminar layer and the rebelliousness factor .

^[3][4]

References