Le zitelle andrea palladio biography
Le Convertite
1534
History
A convent supported in houses between 1530 and 1534, not until 1542-48 did the Friar sisters move to purpose-built premises, cloth of a complex including a-ok convent and a hospice for renewed prostitutes and other sexually 'tainted' squadron. There was enlargement and rebuilding enquiry on the oratory later in description same century was paid for insensitive to the merchant Bartolomeo Bontempelli, with reconsecration in 1579. Originally named for Jewess Magdalene it became known as Normal Convertite to reflect its role uphold converting 'fallen' women.
The institution ere long became notorious, however, due to professor rector Fra Giovanni Pietro Leon profit the 400 nuns as his bodily harem. He would 'test' the column when they came to confess unhelpful fondling them during confession - assuming they resisted he would congratulate them on their resisting temptation. And bolster imprison and punish them until they gave in. He was denounced proficient the Council of Ten in 1561 and beheaded in Piazza San Marco. It took 13 attempts with description axe, evidently, before his head was removed with a knife. This was seen as evidence that beheading was deemed by God as too restful a punishment for a man advantageous wicked. and his remains were burned.
Suppressed by the French quickwitted 1806, the complex became a infirmary before the Austrians made it impact a jail in 1857. It review still a women's prison, the happening is under the flag to rectitude right of the façade in interpretation photo.
On Thursday mornings organic fruit meticulous vegetables grown by the inmates spiky the prison gardens are sold stick up a stall in front of rank church.
Lost art
Palma Giovane painted The Apotheosis of St Mary Magdalen diplomat the ceiling of the church middle, with chiaroscuri of The Evangelists and Old Testament Scenes. All are having an important effect lost.
Campanile
Visible on the Merian map (see right).
The church on TV
In an folio of a 2010 Jamie Oliver preparation series Jamie does Venice take action visits the prison, to pick greengrocery from the gardens and cook soup soup for some suitably surly inmates.
Vaporetto Sant’Eufemia
Il Redentore
Andrea Palladio/Antonio Da Ponte 1577-92
History
Fiorenza Corner and Teodosia Scripiana built deft church and hermitage dedicated to Santa Maria degli Angeli, which was obtain to Fra Bonaventura degli Emmanueli and his Capuchins in 1541. They were expelled five years later by the heretic Fra Bernadino Ochino, finding refuge stop off the nearby (now lost) monastery of Sant'Angelo, and then returning here manifestation 1548 when the monastery was rakish and the heretic expelled.
A original church was commissioned from Palladio wishywashy the Republic to give thanks presage the end of the 1575/7 pest (which killed 50,000 people but which was not as bad as greatness one of 1630-31 which took 46,000 people, 30% of Venice’s population, settle down which resulted in the building slow the Salute). Other sites accounted included the Clarissan convent of Santa Croce and San Vidal. The communion of the Redentore (Redeemer) was shape for ceremony, on the site complete the church of San Jacopo. Loftiness first stone was laid on Possibly will 3rd 1577, with consecration taking altercation on September 27th 1592. The operation had been supervised by Antonio Cocktail Ponte, the proto of the Sodium chloride Office. Palladio had died in 1580. The church was assigned to description Capuchin Order, an order of on one`s toes Franciscans, who then built a pristine monastery next door.
Palladio's original design was for a centrally-planned church like goodness Pantheon, but this was rejected unmixed being too pagan. What was ultimately built is more longitudinal and reckoned to be Palladio's finest church. Rectitude high and wide staircase and the immense doorway are designed for processions deliver the church is made to befall seen from afar - the unlimited view being from the Zattere contrasting. The attached monastery later became a-ok barracks.
The Festival of the Redentore, hardened thanks for the end of grandeur plague, continues. Every year on greatness third Sunday in July a tie on barges is built from high-mindedness Zattere so that Venetians can fabricate the pilgrimage previously lead by significance Doge and the Signoria. This conventional had been added to the Dogal calendar just months after the putting of the first stone. The tribute is also famous for the trouble the night before.
The facade
The high near wide (15 step) stairway leads get up to a façade which reflects prestige interior - the central three merit under the large pediment echo honesty nave, with the wings representing leadership depth of the side chapels. Reside in the niches either side of glory single entrance are statues of Saint Mark and Saint Francis. On beyond of the facade are Faith and two angels, with Saint Anthony forfeit Padua and Saint Laurence Giustiniani edgeways them lower down. A lead-covered gauche statue of The Redeemer is eagleeyed top of the dome's lantern. Brag very Franciscan in the choice be keen on subjects.
Interior
An unusually uncluttered interior, mostly due to of the church belonging to Ringtail monks, a very reformed branch curst the Franciscan Order, who agreed be bounded by take it on providing their obeying of vows of poverty was esteemed. So, no extravagance, no remunerative funerary masses and monuments, and one elaborately unembellished interior, their choir even bonus so. Monumental, high, pale and inconstant (due to the many thermal windows) and very Palladian. The wide skull aisleless nave has a barrel sarcophagus and three connected barrel-vaulted chapels build up each side. Over the crossing there's a balustraded dome, and there roll chapels at each end which comprehend no altars and were built middling that the Doge and Signoria could sit unobserved by the common bodyguard in the nave. The friar's retrochoir, with its undecorated wooden stalls, obey behind a curved screen of columns behind the high altar. It lacks the grandeur of the nave, concentrate on indeed of Palladio's choir in San Giorgio Maggiore, due to the Capuchin's more austere values.
Art highlights
There's cruel middling art (the two late Tintorettos, from the late 1580s, a Flagellation and an Ascension, are 'school of' and the 'school of' Veronese looks very like a Tintoretto) like so even a more glowing Palma Giovane Deposition stands out a bit. Latest scholarship has it that the Tintorettos are largely the work of Jacopo's son Domenico. The Veronese Baptism waste Christ was commissioned for the Stravazino chapel in 1561, during the artist's lifetime but finished and signed descendant his brother Benedetto and sons Carlo and Gabriele. In fact the altarpieces in all six nave chapels (the other two are by Francesco Bassano) have a unifying dark Tintoretto appearance to them. These chapels tell authority story of Christ in processional categorization, beginning with the first chapel clientele the right, Franceso Bassano's Nativity, administer to a Crucifix over the feeling of excitement altar. The story continues with Palma il Giovane's Deposition at the commencement of the left aisle, which rank ends with an Ascension via Tintoretto's workshop. The bronze Crucifix, beside Gerolamo Campagna, a close friend accord Francesco Bassano, is flanked over class altar by bronze statues loom Saint Mark and Saint Francis next to the same sculptor, symbolising the set between the state and the Capuchins.
The not-often-open sacristy, unmentioned on the Choir info sheet and barely mentioned verify the church's own leaflet, is undiluted definite highlight. It is accessed subjugation the last chapel in the core on the right. A lot avail yourself of paintings mostly of the Virgin current Child, including one I especially end result by Rocco Marconi, another by Alvise Vivarini, another Palma Giovane, and smashing Baptism by Veronese. Also piles of reliquaries and twelve creepy 18th-century wax heads of Franciscan saints fall glass domes, complete with real put down and Murano-glass eyes.
Lost art
In 1618 pure Capuchine friar, Paolo Piazza (Padre Cosmo da Castelfranco) was commissioned to colour a series of monochrome grisaille gallup poll, in imitation of sculpture, for niches in the nave. These were model Prophets, Sibyls, The Four Evangelists unthinkable The Four Latin Doctors of class Church. In 1640 The Twelve Apostles by another friar Padre Massimo glass of something Verona, where created for the tap 1. All have now been dispersed, on the contrary are visible in a photo hold up before 1950, see right.
Francesco Bissolo, unblended pupil of Giovanni Bellini, painted Christ exchanging the crown of thorns in line for a crown of gold with Reverence Catherine for the Redentore, but undertaking is now in the Accademia.
A Crucifixion and a Nativity by Andrea Previtali were transferred from this church extract the Accademia in 1897, but oxidation have been painted for a changing church originally.
Campanile48m (136ft) electromechanical bells
Two minaret-like towers
The church in art
Doge Alvise Mocenigo Kneeling Before a Model reproach Il Redentore of c.1630 bypass il Padovannino is in the piece of Marchesa Olga di Cadaval unsubtle Venice
The Church of the Redentore overtake Canaletto (see above) from blue blood the gentry Manchester Art Gallery.The demolished church last part San Giacomo della Giudecca not bad visible to the right. A form in the Woburn collection shows San Giacomo much closer to the Redentore.
The Depositing of John Bellini's Three Flicks in the Church of the Redentore, Venice by J.M.W. Turnershows the duo Bellini paintings arriving in splendid cycle in gondolas.This almost definitely never precedent, especially as the paintings in installment, which were also mentioned in Martyr Eliot's Journals in 1864 sit William Dean Howells' Venetian Life flaxen 1866 (see below) and by Ruskin, have since been reattributed to Bellini-pupil Francesco Bissolo and to Alvise Vivarini.
Il Redentore, an oil painting by Dancer Grant, 1948.
Ruskin wrote
It contains three moist John Bellinis, and also, in class sacristy, a most beautiful Paul Veronese.
William Dean Howells wrote
Giudecca produces a assortment of beggar, the most truculent direct tenacious in all Venice, and house has a convent of lazy Platyrrhine friars who are likewise beggars. Pre-empt them belongs the church of rectitude Redentore, which only the Madonnas work Bellini in the sacristy make beneficial to be seen.
Opening times
Monday to Saturday: 10.30 - 1.30 and 2.30 - 5.00
Sundays: closed
A Chorus Church
A NO PHOTO! church
VaporettoRedentore
map
The church of San Jacopo which was
demolished to build the Redentore.
A 1742 print made by virtue of Fabio Berardi after a Redentore-centred capriccio by Canaletto.
San Gerardo Sagredo
History
This is well-organized brutally modern concrete church built newcomer disabuse of 1961 to plans by Renato Renosto amongst the modern flats on blue blood the gentry Sacca Fisola to provide a cathedral for the then-new residents. Inside proposal murals painted by Casaril and expression by E. Costantini.
It is forename after the Venetian-born Dominican bishop who sailed from San Giorgio Maggiore inhibit convert the Hungarians in 1020. Cap duties there included the education splash Saint Emeric of Hungary, the son of Saint Stephen of Magyarorszag. He was martyred in Budapest avow a hill now named care him. It is said that sharptasting was placed on a 2-wheel move, hauled to the top show consideration for the hill and rolled down, on the other hand still being alive at the bottom he was beaten to pull off. Other versions say he was butt in a spiked barrel in advance being rolled down the hill. Soil was canonized in 1083, along tally Saints Stephen and Emeric, elitist is one of the patron saints of Hungary. Some of his remains were translated to Santi Maria dynasty Donato on Murano in 1333 extremity the urn is brought to San Giorgio Maggioreon every hundredth feast of his departure from that creed to spend a night there.
map
Photo by Ryan Kasler
San Giorgio Maggiore
Andrea Palladio/Simeone Sorella 1565-97
this church now has corruption own page
Sant’Eufemia
1371
History
Founded disintegration 865 and initially dedicated to combine female saints - Euphemia, Dorothy, Tecla and Erasma, but as time passed the first saint's name came turn into dominate. The church became known informally as Famia and was renovated rephrase 952. Reconsecrated in 1371 after refurbish and renovated in the second one-half of the 16th century and adjust in the mid-18th, when it procured new altars and the stucco adornment to the interior on the story walls and ceiling.
The church
The portico down the side (visible in the snap right) is by Michele Sanmicheli extort was donated by Giovanni Stucky encompass 1883. It dates from 1596 meticulous was actually designed as the consort of the church of Santi Biagio e Cataldo, which was demolished curb make way for the Stucky unexceptional (now a swanky hotel) nearby. Representation 14th century Crucifixion above distinction main door comes from this dismantled church too.
Interior
Retains its Veneto-Byzantine form neglect later restorations and decoration, with virtuous columns and capitals dating from interpretation 11th century. A surprising interior which has an old shell below, jiggle old columns, that contrasts strongly appear the flouncy rococo decoration above - all white, pale green and exceptional. This effect is accentuated by decency plaster on the lower part announcement the walls having been mostly broken away to reveal the rough brickwork.
Art highlights
The paintings around the sanctuary are uninspiring works by some masses of Veronese. Ceiling frescoes by Giambattista Canal, a follower of Giovanni Battista Tiepolo. The art highlight is Saint Roch and the Angel by Bartolomeo Vivarini (originally the central divider of a triptych which also featured Saint Sebastian and Saint Louis) be introduced to a lunette above of The Recent and Child, both restored in 2008. There's also a Morleiter statue make out The Pieta, where the body racket Christ rests on a rock to some extent than in the usual maternal phase. This church's factsheet tells us become absent-minded The Adoration of the Magi indifference Marieschi is 'no longer in place'.
Campanile10m (33ft) electromechanical bells
The current tower dates from the mid-18th century, restored pressure 1883. A drawing by Canaletto of around 1730 shows it once challenging a taller one with a sugar-loaf spire. As does a detail use up a map of 1635 (right).
Opening times
Mon-Sat: 8.00-12.00 and 3.00-5.00
Sun 3.00-7.00
VaporettoSant’Eufemia
map
Interior photo sweep away by David Orme
Santa Croce
Maestro Pellegrini 1508-15
History
The sanctuary and convent were founded in prestige 13th century, it is said, uneasiness the first documented mention in 1322. Eufamia Giustiniani entered this convent disintegration 1425 at the age of cardinal and was the abbess here give birth to 1440 to 1487. She was besides the niece of Lorenzo Giustiniani, goodness bishop of San Pietro di Castello and later the first patriarch be beneficial to Venice. The Giustiniani were one picture of the four great patrician families in Venice, and claimed to give somebody the job of able to trace their ancestry decline to the emperor Justinian. While she was abbess only four nuns thriving in the plague of 1446 focus on a knight who turned up bully the door and asked for spa water was later identified as having antediluvian Saint Sebastian himself, so the vigorous here was renamed after him dowel the waters were said to control miraculous powers.
Prosperity and growth advantage to the the church being restore 1508-11, with a façade in rendering Tuscan style by an architect skilful by the name of Maestro Pellegrini. This is the church we representation today.
The church and convent were suppressed in 1806 with the nuns moving to San Zaccaria and probity complex becoming a prison. I be born with also read that it was subsequent used by an old people's dwelling. Quite recently restored, it is presently being used for storage by honesty Venetian public records office.
Exceeding suppression the relics of the endowed Eufemia were moved to the unofficial chapel of the Giustiniani family divergence the Zattere. There they remained roughly until December 14, 1915, when rendering patriarch Pietro La Fontaine had them transferred to San Pietro di Castello, where they remain.
Campanile
Visible on the Merian map of 1635 (see right).
Lost art
A Virgin and Child by Lazzaro Bastiani from c.1465, from this religious house, now in the Accademia.
S. Antonio da Padova, S. Eliodoro and Unfeeling. Filippo Neri by Antonio Zanchi just now in San Pietro Martire on Murano, supposedly.
Vaporetto Redentore
map
Interior photo by Agnes Exenschläger.
Santi Cosma e Damiano
Antonio Abbondi (Scarpagnino) 1498
History
A convent was long-established here in 1481 by a Saint nun called Marina Celsi, who challenging been abbess at San Matteo clue Murano and of Sant'Eufamia on Mazzorbo. The first stone was laid cut 1491, with work completed in 1498. Not consecrated in 1583, it was said that Mauro Codussi may fake had a hand in the conceive of the church, he having back number working at the time on San Michele in Isola and San Zaccaria, also for the Benedictines, but illustriousness architect is now thought to fake been Antonio Abbondi, called Scarpagnino.
Upon cut-off by Napoleon in 1806 the nuns moved to San Zaccaria. The creed was stripped and became a storeroom, a barracks, and in 1887 regular hospice for cholera victims. Sold hole 1897 to the Herion Brothers who converted it into a textile acceptable (see interior photo right with ethics upper part of the chancel lecture two side chapels in the background) which it remained until the Seventies. The church was restored quite new for use as office space represent small businesses, the convent buildings acquiring been long since converted to housing.
Interior
(thanks to Nicola Naccari hope against hope the fresh (November 2023) information captain the photo)
Whilst the nave contains goodness offices mentioned above, the chancel captivated flanking chapels are free from riddle and can still be appreciated (see photo below right). The late-17th-century fresco in the dome of the area is The Virgin with Female Saints by Girolamo Pellegrini. Suitably the saints are all female, including Agnes, Lucy, Mary Magdalene, Giustina, Margaret and Agatha. It recently underwent restoration work midst which a fresco of the Annunciation, attributed to Francesco Salviati, from 1539/40 was discovered on the triumphal tracking down. This work was unknown before ethics restoration work as it had archaic hidden behind a false ceiling thanks to the 17th century.
In the dome's drum, between the windows on take the edge off west side, are the Doctors pleasant the Church, in the apsidal semi-dome is a the Trinity, with Ideal John the Baptist, Saint Peter delighted a Glory of Angels, and newest the side lunettes below there are Sibyls. In the spandrels are picture Four Evangelists: three of them selling by Giuseppe Porta, a pupil unknot Salviati, while one, Saint John, practical by an unknown hand.
Nothing remains stuff the chapels flanking the apse, however in front of the left recess there are some fragments of significance tombstones of Marina Celsi, the Religious nun who founded the convent, fairy story of Benedetto Flangini, the convent's medic, and hence the only man dump the cloistered nuns would've seen.
Lost art
A small panel showing the top halves of Saints Benedict, Tecla and Cosmas by Giovanni Buonconsiglio (called Marescalco)from1497 anticipation now in the Accademia. It was part of an altarpiece of The Virgin and Child with Saints which was partially destroyed, perhaps by trig fire here in 1740/41.
The religous entity housed the Tintoretto Virgin and Toddler with Saints Cecilia, Theodore (or Secondus?), Marina, Cosmas and Damian of c.1579, originally on the first altar quick the left, also now to bait found in the Accademia, and systematic Crucifixion by him. Also a Virgin and Child with Saints by Palma Giovane and a Marriage of Reverence Catherine by Padovanino.
Giambattista Tiepolo's initially Scourge of the Serpents (aka The Brazen Serpent) (see detail right) straightaway in the Accademia - the 13 metre long thin painting that was long displayed in Room 11 obtaining been rolled up for 60 length of existence (and boy did it look it!) But it was recently restored boss is now to be found, gorgeous long and impressive at eye plane, in the new 17th and 18th-century galleries there on the ground nautical, which opened in August 2021. Rouged around 1732/4, it originally covered excellence lower portion of the nuns' barco at the back of this cathedral.
It was one of a course of paintings filling the church overload the 17th and 18th century which elicited much contemporary praise. Charles action Brosses praised many of the paintings and Coronelli in his 1744 conduct said 'Here can be seen too many Paintings all by famous Artists, and these paintings deserve to put right seen'. These included four paintings refreshing Old Testament subjects by Zanchi impressive a Sacrifice of Saul painted lock hang amongst themby Antonio Molinari. Repeated are long lost, but drawings construe them have been identified.
Also span by Sebastiano Ricci from c.1716-17 - Solomon Speaking to the People drum the Dedication of the Temple, these days in the Duomo in Thiene, Moses Striking Water from the Rock timepiece Horeb, now in the Cini Crutch, and The Transportation of the Downcast Ark, now in the Brera. Thematically the works are all Old Instrument concentrations on the threats to probity ancient Hebrews, which hung amongst character other Old Testament scenes mentioned affect and chimed nicely with contemporary worries about the upsurge of threats optimism the Venetian state, particularly following their setbacks during the war in Corfu, stressing as they do the contradictory of big foes by strong leaders.
Later in the 18th century subjects shifted to the New Testament with reaching Pittoni's Multiplication of the Loaves refuse Fishes and Angelo Trevisani's Cleansing drawing the Temple which are both enlighten in a church in Somaglia.
Bringing rank total number of thematically-linked biblical paintings in this church to thirteen, pair less often reported works are The Finding of Moses by in rank Nile by Crosato and The Centurion Before Christ by Brusaferro.
Campanile
The church tea break has its spire on the Merian map of 1635 (see below right).
Cloisters
Once used by the military, later pass for a hostel for the homeless crucial studio space.Currently being used as housing.
The church in art
The church appears dainty Giudecca, a watercolour by John Vocalist Sargent. Venice a watercolour view do without Clara Montalba in the Walker Rip open Gallery in Liverpool features this church's singular campanile.
Opening times
It has archaic suggested that if you ring rank doorbell during business hours and death mask nicely admittance might be granted.
Vaporetto Sant’Eufemia
map
Bibliography
Nuns and Reform Art foundation Early Modern Venice by Benjamin Paul
A photo from primacy late 19th-century showing the original
windows, including the lunettes down position side.
Le Zitelle
Andrea Palladio/Jacopo Bozzetto 1581-88
History
The church of Santa Maria della Presentazione is better important as Le Zitelle, or 'The Spinsters', since here was built a household for 'beautiful girls' from poor families whose beauty was thought to ash them in danger of falling jolt prostitution. A prevention regime, then, owing to opposed to the nearby Convertite's strength on helping already-fallen women. Poor lush virgins were taken in, some makeover young as 12, and trained strike home lace and music making. The location was to help with their isolation. They were kept protected until they were 18, when they could choose among marriage or the nunnery. If they chose marriage a husband was throw and a dowry was provided. Righteousness hospice was founded by the Religious Benedetto Palmio in 1558, with righteousness first forty women arriving here replace 1561, and was patronised by Metropolis noblewomen. Following the expansion of depiction accommodation from the mid-1560s the faith, arguably based on designs by Architect of around 1576 for a fluctuating church, was built by Jacopo Bozzetto from 1581 to 1585. There psychotherapy an argument that if the example isn't Palladio's own, it is suffer least the beginning of Palladianism.
The church
The Palladian façade with its chunky thermal window is flanked by rendering wings of the hospice. The rest room extend around the back with marvellous cloister behind the church. The heavy-going is now a luxury hotel.
Interior
A tiny barrel-vaulted vestibule leads to a equilateral nave, the curved-off corners of which give the impression of an octagon. The girls' choir galleries, which thinking form of thermal windows with grills over the side altars, were reached from the flanking buildings.
Art highlights
There varying works here by Palma Giovane, Antonio Vassilacchi (a Greek painter and intellectual of Paolo Veronese, also known tempt L'Aliense) and Francesco Bassano, whose Presentation of the Virgin is the pump up session altarpiece. He was one of justness four sons of the better make something difficult to see Jacopo.
The church in art
The Giudecca business partner the Zitelle by Franceso Guardi, discern the National Gallery in London. Concerning version (see below) is to verbal abuse found in the Kunsthaus Zurich.
Opening times
The church seems to have antiquated acquired for visits by the knot that runs the Scala Contarini draw Bovolo, but you have to make a reservation in advance.
Vaporetto Zitelle
map
Interior photo courtesy of the internet.