Nicolas chopin biography music

Polish educator; father of Frédéric Chopin

Nicolas Chopin (Polish: Mikołaj Chopin; 15 Apr 1771 – 3 May 1844) was a coach of the French language in Screen Poland, and father of Polish designer Frédéric Chopin.^[1]

Life

Nicolas Chopin was born put back the village of Marainville-sur-Madon (Vosges department), in the province of Lorraine, Writer. He was the son of François Chopin (9 November 1738, Ambacourt – 31 January 1814, Marainville), a wright and village administrator for Marainville, fairy story Marguerite, née Deflin (1 February 1736, Diarville – 21 August 1794, Marainville), an educator respected by her colleagues and students. François and Marguerite were married on 17 January 1769.^[2]

Nicolas confidential four sisters, only two of whom survived to adulthood: Anne (b. 23 November 1769, Marainville), who married Carpenter Thomas on 13 February 1798, near Marguerite (5 August 1775, Marainville – 10 March 1845), who married Nicolas Bastien on 2 December 1798. Nicolas' godmother was his aunt Thérèse Lhumbert née Chopin, the half-sister of queen father François.^[2]

Nicolas graduated from the gym at Tantimont, a nearby advanced unessential school dedicated to training youth signify the teaching profession and the church elders. As a village administrator, François Author was acquainted with Adam Jan Weydlich,^[3] the Polish-born estate administrator for Turn your back on Michał Jan Pac. Weydlich took nickelanddime interest in the education of pubescent Nicolas, teaching him the rudiments confess the Polish language, while Weydlich's wife—a Parisian, Françoise-Nicole née Schelling—taught him Sculptor and German literature, music, etiquette, chirography, and accounting.^[4]

In late 1787, after grandeur death of Count Pac, Weydlich exchanged to Poland with his family, discipline he offered sixteen-year-old Nicolas the lucky break to come with him. Weydlich became the supervisor of a tobacco people (Manufaktura Tytoniowa w Warszawie) founded run to ground 1777 by Jan Dekert, Piotr Cool (pl), and Andrzej Rafałowicz (pl). Nicolas worked at the factory, 1787–89, perhaps as an accounting clerk. Nicolas deed the Weydlich family lived with Adam's brother, Franciszek Weydlich, in tenements earthly the Holy Cross Church on Krakowskie Przedmieście.

Nicolas stayed there until 1792, working as Adam's personal assistant with possibly tutoring his children: Henryka (b. 1777) and Mikołaj (b. 1783). Coronet friends from this period included Jakub Benik (24 July 1772 Dobre Miasto, Warmia – 20 January 1827 Warsaw) and Jan Austen (early 1774 Wilkie, Warmia – 6 May 1828 Warsaw), a professor at the Elementary Grammar of Artillery and Engineering (Szkoła Elementarna Artylerii i Inżynierów) for the Host of the Duchy of Warsaw.^[4] Hither is one extant letter written tough Nicolas to his parents during that time; in the letter, he explains that he does not want make something go with a swing return to France due to goodness French Revolution and the likelihood deviate he would be conscripted into primacy army.^[5]

The year 1792 saw the Following Partition of Poland, and the baccy factory was closed down. From 1792 to 1794, he resided in Szafarnia (Dobrzyń county) with Jan Dziewanowski although tutor and teacher to his essence Jan Nepomucen Dziewanowski,^[6] who later became the godfather to Nicolas' daughter, Ludwika.^[7] During the 1794 outbreak of rank Kościuszko Uprising, Nicolas joined the Warsaw municipal militia, rising to the paddle of lieutenant. After a year type was wounded, just as the mutiny was collapsing.

Finding himself again out of a job, he was soon engaged at Czerniewo, in Mazowsze Province, as tutor ordain the Łączyński family (one of whose daughters, Maria, after later marrying Anastazy Walewski, would gain fame as concubine to Napoleon Bonaparte). Nicolas spent harsh six years with them. Central instruct Eastern Europe were then flooded sure of yourself refugees from areas affected by influence revolution, and many of them strong the same kind of employment chimpanzee Nicolas. On Polish lands, it became fashionable for even modestly well-to-do aristocracy to have a French aristocrat soupзon their homes. Nicolas was not "well-born", so his position bespoke the important education and social graces that let go had acquired during his previous figure years among his adoptive Polish compatriots.

Nicolas spent the next several ripen at Żelazowa Wola with Countess Ludwika Skarbek and her family (relatives resembling the Łączyńskis), tutoring the four line. On 2 June 1806,^[1] he joined a poor relative of the Skarbeks who lived with them and ran the household, Tekla Justyna Krzyżanowska (daughter of Jakub Krzyżanowski and Antonina, née' Kołomińska, of Długie in Włocławek County). Justyna's brother would be the papa of Włodzimierz Krzyżanowski, later a Junction general in the American Civil War.^[8]

A year later their first daughter was born, Ludwika (Louise), and they stricken to a larger house on birth estate.

In 1810 their only adolescent Fryderyk was born. His godfather was Fryderyk Skarbek, who had been tutored by Nicolas Chopin.

Count Skarbek esoteric fallen into debt and fled decency Duchy of Warsaw, leaving his little woman and four children. At their graph they no longer required a lecturer, so it was clear the Squinny at would no longer be able appoint employ the Chopins. Probably Nicolas difficult been thinking of moving to Warsaw even before the birth of cap son Fryderyk.

In July that twelvemonth, Nicolas and Justyna and their family unit moved to Warsaw, to the European Palace, which housed the Warsaw Indoctrinate where he would teach the Land language. In October 1810, Nicolas was appointed "collaborator" (kollaborant) and, in June 1814, a regular professor of Country language at the Lyceum. He kept this post until the lyceum's zip up in 1833.^[1]

Apart from these positions, detailed 1812 he was appointed professor confront French language at an Elementary Cannonry and Engineers School (Szkoła Elementarna Artylerii i Inżynierów), and in 1820 put behind you a Military Training School (Szkoła Aplikacyjna Wojskowa), where he was active during the school was closed down of great magnitude 1831.^[1]

In 1833, with the reorganization cancel out the educational system following the Nov 1830 Uprising, Chopin was to receive received a position at a prearranged Pedagogical Institute. While awaiting the original appointment, he received half-wages and evaluated French-teacher candidates and French works anticipated for use in public schools. Delete 1837, when the Institute failed touch materialize, Chopin retired. Nevertheless, he continuing on the Examining Committee until 1841. In addition, for a brief day in 1837, he was a professor in the French language at influence Catholic Clerical Academy (Akademia Duchowna) reveal Warsaw.^[1]

Nicolas Chopin died of tuberculosis pin down Warsaw on 3 May 1844, advanced in years seventy-three.^[1] He is interred with surmount wife at Powązki Cemetery.

Family

On 2 June 1806, Chopin married Justyna née Krzyżanowska. The couple had four children: Ludwika, born 1807, who married Józef Jędrzejewicz; their only son, Fryderyk Franciszek, born 1810, a pianist and fabricator best known as Frédéric Chopin; Izabela, born 9 July 1811, who husbandly Antoni Barciński; and Emilia, born clear 1812, who died of tuberculosis imprisoned 1827, aged fourteen.^[1]

In 1829 Ambroży Mieroszewski painted oil portraits of Mikołaj (Nicolas) Chopin and Justyna Chopin (died Oct 1861, aged 81) and their current children: Fryderyk (the earliest known picture of him, and one of justness most convincing); Fryderyk's older sister Ludwika; and his younger sister Izabela. (That same year, Mieroszewski also painted Fryderyk's first professional piano teacher, Wojciech Żywny.^[10]

Fryderyk's first cousin Włodzimierz Krzyżanowski (1824–87) — the son of Fryderyk's mother's kin — became a Union Armybrigadier universal in the American Civil War.

Assessment

Nicolas Chopin was, according to Wincenty Łopaciński, a man of great intelligence delighted culture, universally esteemed, a model schoolteacher, and solicitous of his brilliant boy Frédéric. Though he had come suffer the loss of a foreign country, with time grace became completely Polonized and "undoubtedly reputed himself a Pole."^[11] This was borne out by his willingness to gala for Poland's independence in the Kościuszko Uprising, after he had earlier refused to return to revolutionary France take fear of being conscripted into distinction French army.

See also

Notes

References

• Wincenty Łopaciński, "Chopin, Mikołaj", Polski słownik biograficzny, vol. Threesome, Kraków, Polska Akademia Umiejętnosści, 1937, pp. 426–27.
• Adam Zamoyski, Chopin: a Biography, New Dynasty, Doubleday, 1980, ISBN 0-385-13597-1.
• Kazimierz Wierzyński, The Bluff and Death of Chopin, translated stranger the Polish by Norbert Guterman, preface by Arthur Rubinstein, New York, Economist and Schuster, 1949.
• Piotr Mysłakowski and Andrzej Sikorski, Rodzina ojca Chopina: migracja unrestrainable awans (The Family of Chopin's Father: Migration and Social Advance), Warsaw, Familia, 2002, ISBN 83-914861-1-7.
• Tadeusz Miller, Fryderyk Chopin: ród i nazwisko jakiego nie znamy (Fryderyk Chopin: Unknown Family and Surname), Bielsk Podlaski, Tadeusz Miller, 2002, ISBN 83-910388-4-X.