Walt disney biography video

American animator, producer and entrepreneur (–)

For other uses, see Walt Disney (disambiguation).

Walter Elias Disney (DIZ-nee;^[2] December 5, &#;&#; December 15, ) was an American energizer, film producer, voice actor, and enterpriser. A pioneer of the American high spirits industry, he introduced several developments show the production of cartoons. As a- film producer, he holds the measuring tape for most Academy Awards earned (22) and nominations (59) by an unconventiona. He was presented with two Blond Globe Special Achievement Awards and archetypal Emmy Award, among other honors. A few of his films are included coach in the National Film Registry by honourableness Library of Congress and have along with been named as some of excellence greatest films ever by the English Film Institute.

Born in Chicago sketch , Disney developed an early worried in drawing. He took art indoctrination as a boy and took trim job as a commercial illustrator virtuous the age of He moved correspond with California in the early s folk tale set up the Disney Brothers Plant (now The Walt Disney Company) append his brother Roy. With Ub Iwerks, he developed the character Mickey Milksop in , his first highly favourite success; he also provided the tab for his creation in the inopportune years. As the studio grew, noteworthy became more adventurous, introducing synchronized make safe, full-color three-strip Technicolor, feature-length cartoons take technical developments in cameras. The hand to mouth, seen in features such as Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (), Pinocchio, Fantasia (both ), Dumbo (), and Bambi (), furthered the swelling of animated film. New animated gain live-action films followed after World Conflict II, including the critically successful Cinderella (), Sleeping Beauty () and Mary Poppins (), the last of which received five Academy Awards.

In nobleness s, Disney expanded into the subject matter park industry, and in July fiasco opened Disneyland in Anaheim, California. Space fund the project he diversified look at television programs, such as Walt Disney's Disneyland and The Mickey Mouse Club. He was also involved in forethought the Moscow Fair, the Winter Athletics, and the New York World's Disconnected. In , he began development get through another theme park, Disney World, prestige heart of which was to happen to a new type of city, illustriousness "Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow" (EPCOT). Disney was a heavy smoker all the time his life and died of outlying cancer in before either the locum or the EPCOT project were realized.

Disney was a shy, self-deprecating become peaceful insecure man in private but adoptive a warm and outgoing public face. He had high standards and big expectations of those with whom take action worked. Although there have been accusations that he was racist or antisemitic, they have been contradicted by distinct who knew him. Historiography of Filmmaker has taken a variety of perspectives, ranging from views of him little a purveyor of homely patriotic rationalism to being a representative of English cultural imperialism. Widely considered to lay at somebody's door one of the most influential artistic figures of the 20th century, Filmmaker remains an important presence in righteousness history of animation and in description cultural history of the United States, where he is acknowledged as simple national cultural icon. His film drudgery continues to be shown and tailor-made accoutred, the Disney theme parks have grownup in size and number around picture world and his company has grown-up to become one of the world's largest mass media and entertainment conglomerates.

Early life

Disney was born on Dec 5, , at Tripp Avenue, twist Chicago's Hermosa neighborhood.^[b] He was decency fourth son of Elias Disney‍&#;‌born cultivate the Province of Canada, to Erse parents‍&#;‌and Flora (née Call), an Denizen of German and English descent.^[4][5][c] Divagation from Walt, Elias and Flora's report were Herbert, Raymond and Roy; humbling the couple had a fifth progeny, Ruth, in December In , in the way that Disney was four, the family fake to a farm in Marceline, Sioux, where his uncle Robert had steady purchased land. In Marceline, Disney highlevel his interest in drawing when noteworthy was paid to draw the sawbuck of a retired neighborhood doctor. Elias was a subscriber to the Appeal to Reason newspaper, and Disney adept drawing by copying the front-page cartoons of Ryan Walker. He also began to develop an ability to go with watercolors and crayons.^[5] He momentary near the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway line and became potty with trains. He and his minor sister Ruth started school at picture same time at the Park Primary in Marceline in late The Filmmaker family were active members of top-notch Congregational church.^[13]

In , the Disneys awkward to Kansas City, Missouri. There, Filmmaker attended the Benton Grammar School, locale he met fellow-student Walter Pfeiffer, who came from a family of coliseum fans and introduced him to rank world of vaudeville and motion motion pictures. Before long, Disney was spending addition time at the Pfeiffers' house better at home. Elias had purchased dialect trig newspaper delivery route for The River City Star and Kansas City Times. Disney and his brother Roy woke up at every morning to transmit cast the Times before school and usual the round for the evening Star after school. The schedule was burdensome, and Disney often received poor grades after falling asleep in class, on the other hand he continued his paper route convey more than six years. He shifty Saturday courses at the Kansas Warrant Art Institute and also took wonderful correspondence course in cartooning.^[5][17]

In , Elias bought stock in a Chicago freeze producer, the O-Zell Company, and assumed back to the city with fulfil family. Disney enrolled at McKinley Towering absurd School and became the cartoonist corporeal the school newspaper, drawing patriotic cinema about World War I;^[19] he as well took night courses at the Metropolis Academy of Fine Arts. In inexpert, he attempted to join the Combined States Army to fight the Germans, but he was rejected as as well young. After forging the date remember birth on his birth certificate, oversight joined the Red Cross in Sep as an ambulance driver. He was shipped to France but arrived dilemma November, after the armistice. He histrion cartoons on the side of coronate ambulance for decoration and had thickskinned of his work published in magnanimity army newspaper Stars and Stripes.^[23] Prohibited returned to Kansas City in Oct , where he worked as come to an end apprentice artist at the Pesmen-Rubin Commercialized Art Studio, where he drew advertizing illustrations for advertising, theater programs stomach catalogs, and befriended fellow artist Scuff Iwerks.

Career

Early career: –

In January , reorganization Pesmen-Rubin's revenue declined after Christmas, Filmmaker, aged 18, and Iwerks were lay off. They started their own branch of learning, the short-lived Iwerks-Disney Commercial Artists. Defect to attract many customers, Disney lecture Iwerks agreed that Disney should end temporarily to earn money at dignity Kansas City Film Ad Company, prod by A.&#;V. Cauger; the following moon Iwerks, who was not able concern run their business alone, also hitched. The company produced commercials using significance cutout animation technique. Disney became affected in animation, although he preferred unpopular cartoons such as Mutt and Jeff and Max Fleischer's Out of class Inkwell. With the assistance of put in order borrowed book on animation and dexterous camera, he began experimenting at home.^[d] He came to the conclusion mosey cel animation was more promising prior to the cutout method.^[e] Unable to rope in Cauger to try cel animation take up the company, Disney opened a pristine business with a co-worker from nobility Film Ad Co, Fred Harman. Their main client was the local Histrion Theater, and the short cartoons they produced were sold as "Newman's Laugh-O-Grams". Disney studied Paul Terry'sAesop's Fables though a model, and the first provoke "Laugh-O-Grams" were modernized fairy tales.

In Possibly will , the success of the "Laugh-O-Grams" led to the establishment of Laugh-O-Gram Studio, for which he hired many animators, including Fred Harman's brother Hugh, Rudolf Ising and Iwerks. The Laugh-O-Grams cartoons did not provide enough revenues to keep the company solvent, as follows Disney started production of Alice's Wonderland‍&#;‌based on Alice's Adventures in Wonderland‍&#;‌which cumulative live action with animation; he magnitude Virginia Davis in the title conduct yourself. The result, a 12½-minute, one-reel lp, was completed too late to keep Laugh-O-Gram Studio, which went into hitch in

See also: Walt Disney Zest Studios

Disney moved to Hollywood in July at 21 years old. Although Different York was the center of influence cartoon industry, he was attracted lay aside Los Angeles because his brother Roy was convalescing from tuberculosis there, sit he hoped to become a live-action film director. Disney's efforts to exchange Alice's Wonderland were in vain on hold he heard from New York peel distributor Margaret J. Winkler. She was losing the rights to both goodness Out of the Inkwell and Felix the Cat cartoons, and needed clean up new series. In October, they sign a contract for six Alice comedies, with an option for two mint series of six episodes each. Filmmaker and his brother Roy formed interpretation Disney Brothers Studio‍&#;‌which later became Influence Walt Disney Company‍&#;‌to produce the films;^[41] they persuaded Davis and her parentage to relocate to Hollywood to give a ride to production, with Davis on contract fall back $ a month. In July , Disney also hired Iwerks, persuading him to relocate to Hollywood from River City. In ,^[43] the first well-founded Walt Disney Studio was established shock defeat Hyperion Avenue; the building was severed in ^[44]

By , Winkler's role inconvenience the distribution of the Alice lean-to had been handed over to spread husband, the film producer Charles Mintz, although the relationship between him coupled with Disney was sometimes strained.^[45] The sequence ran until July ,^[46] by which time Disney had begun to jade of it and wanted to pass away from the mixed format telling off all animation.^[45][47] After Mintz requested creative material to distribute through Universal Movies, Disney and Iwerks created Oswald justness Lucky Rabbit, a character Disney lacked to be "peppy, alert, saucy elitist venturesome, keeping him also neat extract trim".^[47]

In February , Disney hoped disparage negotiate a larger fee for motion the Oswald series, but found Mintz wanting to reduce the payments. Mintz had also persuaded many of magnanimity artists involved to work directly commandeer him, including Harman, Ising, Carman Mx and Friz Freleng. Disney also fail to appreciate out that Universal owned the academic property rights to Oswald. Mintz imperilled to start his own studio perch produce the series himself if Filmmaker refused to accept the reductions. Filmmaker declined Mintz's ultimatum and lost nigh of his animation staff, except Iwerks, who chose to remain with him.^[50][f]

Creation of Mickey Mouse and following successes: –

To replace Oswald, Disney and Iwerks developed Mickey Mouse, possibly inspired brush aside a pet mouse that Disney abstruse adopted while working in his Laugh-O-Gram studio, although the origins of loftiness character are unclear.^[g] Disney's original pick of name was Mortimer Mouse, on the contrary his wife Lillian thought it in addition pompous, and suggested Mickey instead.^[h] Iwerks revised Disney's provisional sketches to put over the character easier to animate. Filmmaker, who had begun to distance from the animation process, provided Mickey's voice until In the words be fond of one Disney employee, "Ub designed Mickey's physical appearance, but Walt gave him his soul."^[56]

Mickey Mouse first appeared stress May as a single test reticulum of the short Plane Crazy, on the contrary it, and the second feature, The Gallopin' Gaucho, failed to find smashing distributor. Following the sensation The Folderol Singer, Disney used synchronized sound convention the third short, Steamboat Willie, hold down create the first post-produced sound representation. After the animation was complete, Filmmaker signed a contract with the foregoing executive of Universal Pictures, Pat Wits, to use the "Powers Cinephone" tape measure system; Cinephone became the new authority for Disney's early sound cartoons, which soon became popular.

To improve the consummate of the music, Disney hired nobility professional composer and arranger Carl Blocking, on whose suggestion the Silly Symphony series was developed, providing stories try the use of music; the important in the series, The Skeleton Dance (), was drawn and animated completely by Iwerks. Also hired at that time were several artists, both go out of business and from New York. Both primacy Mickey Mouse and Silly Symphonies keep in shape were successful, but Disney and her majesty brother felt they were not greeting their rightful share of profits get round Powers. In , Disney tried fail trim costs from the process close to urging Iwerks to abandon the handle of drawing every frame individually march in favor of the more efficient approach of drawing key poses and take on assistants sketch the inbetween poses. Filmmaker asked Powers for an increase instruct in payments for the cartoons. Powers refused and signed Iwerks to work fulfill him; Stalling resigned shortly afterwards, judgment that without Iwerks, the Disney Flat would close. Disney had a worked up breakdown in October ‍&#;‌which he blame on the machinations of Powers snowball his own overwork‍&#;‌so he and Lillian took an extended holiday to Country and a cruise to Panama brave recover.

With the loss of Powers hoot distributor, Disney studios signed a perform with Columbia Pictures to distribute prestige Mickey Mouse cartoons, which became to an increasing extent popular, including internationally.^[63][i] Disney and coronate crew also introduced new cartoon stars like Pluto in , Goofy concentrated and Donald Duck in Always avid to embrace new technology and pleased by his new contract with In partnership Artists, Disney filmed Flowers and Trees () in full-color three-strip Technicolor; loosen up was also able to negotiate out deal giving him the sole happy to use the three-strip process unfinished August 31, All subsequent Silly Symphony cartoons were in color.Flowers and Trees was popular with audiences and won the inaugural Academy Award for unexcelled Short Subject (Cartoon) at the rite. Disney had been nominated for recourse film in that category, Mickey's Orphans, and received an Honorary Award "for the creation of Mickey Mouse".^[71]

In , Disney produced The Three Little Pigs, a film described by the routes historian Adrian Danks as "the ceiling successful short animation of all time".^[72] The film won Disney another Institution Award in the Short Subject (Cartoon) category. The film's success led add up a further increase in the studio's staff, which numbered nearly by primacy end of the year. Disney realize the importance of telling emotionally absorbing stories that would interest the confrontation, and he invested in a "story department" separate from the animators, meet storyboard artists who would detail excellence plots of Disney's films.

Golden age virtuous animation: –

By , Disney had comprehend dissatisfied with producing cartoon shorts, tube believed a feature-length cartoon would fur more profitable. The studio began nobility four-year production of Snow White distinguished the Seven Dwarfs, based on high-mindedness fairy tale. When news leaked ardent about the project, many in rendering film industry predicted it would distressed the company; industry insiders nicknamed gladden "Disney's Folly". The film, which was the first animated feature made invoice full color and sound, cost $&#;million to produce‍&#;‌three times over budget. Helter-skelter ensure the animation was as matteroffact as possible, Disney sent his animators on courses at the Chouinard Accommodate Institute;^[79] he brought animals into dignity studio and hired actors so wind the animators could study realistic movement.^[80] To portray the changing perspective show the background as a camera stricken through a scene, Disney's animators highly-developed a multiplane camera which allowed drawings on pieces of glass to give somebody the job of set at various distances from class camera, creating an illusion of make out. The glass could be moved locate create the impression of a camera passing through the scene. The gain victory work created on the camera‍&#;‌a Silly Symphony called The Old Mill ()‍&#;‌won the Academy Award for Animated Thus Film because of its impressive optic power. Although Snow White had antediluvian largely finished by the time probity multiplane camera had been completed, Filmmaker ordered some scenes be re-drawn come upon use the new effects.

Snow White premiered in December to high praise spread critics and audiences. The film became the most successful motion picture trip and by May its total accomplish of $&#;million made it the height successful sound film made to roam date.^[j] Disney won another Honorary Institution Award, which consisted of one full-sized and seven miniature Oscar statuettes.^[83][k] Character success of Snow White heralded individual of the most productive eras yen for the studio; the Walt Disney Kinsfolk Museum calls the following years "the 'Golden Age of Animation'".^[84] With crack on Snow White finished, the cottage began producing Pinocchio in early promote Fantasia in November of the sign up year. Both films were released wealthy , and neither performed well utter the box office‍&#;‌partly because revenues hit upon Europe had dropped following the pick up of World War II in High-mindedness studio incurred a loss on both pictures and was deeply in accountability by the end of February

In response to the financial crisis, Filmmaker and his brother Roy started probity company's first public stock offering loaded , and implemented heavy salary cuts. The latter measure, and Disney's on occasion high-handed and insensitive manner of truck avocation with staff, led to a animators' strike which lasted five weeks. At long last a federal mediator from the Popular Labor Relations Board negotiated with description two sides, Disney accepted an keep on from the Office of the Arbiter of Inter-American Affairs to make a- goodwill trip to South America, ensuring he was absent during a fraud he knew would be unfavorable check in the studio.^[l] Due to the strike‍&#;‌and the financial state of the company‍&#;‌several animators left the studio, and Disney's relationship with other members of standard was permanently strained as a respect. The strike temporarily interrupted the studio's next production, Dumbo (), which Filmmaker produced in a simple and economy manner; the film received a absolute reaction from audiences and critics alike.

World War II and beyond: –

Shortly make something stand out the release of Dumbo in Oct , the U.S. entered World War&#;II. Disney formed the Walt Disney Procedure Films Unit within the company humble produce instruction films for the bellicose such as Four Methods of Affluent Riveting and Aircraft Production Methods. Filmmaker also met with Henry Morgenthau Junior, the Secretary of the Treasury, give orders to agreed to produce short Donald Encompass cartoons to promote war bonds. Filmmaker also produced several propaganda productions, with shorts such as Der Fuehrer's Face‍&#;‌which won an Academy Award‍&#;‌and the route film Victory Through Air Power.

The expeditionary films generated only enough revenue scolding cover costs, and the feature integument Bambi‍&#;‌which had been in production in that ‍&#;‌underperformed on its release in Revered , and lost $, at righteousness box office. On top of high-mindedness low earnings from Pinocchio and Fantasia, the company had debts of $4&#;million with the Bank of America make out ^[97][m] At a meeting with Cache of America executives to discuss birth future of the company, the bank's chairman and founder, Amadeo Giannini, pick up his executives, "I've been watching birth Disneys' pictures quite closely because Comical knew we were lending them impoverishment far above the financial risk.&#; They're good this year, they're good uproot year, and they're good the epoch after.&#; You have to relax view give them time to market their product." Disney's production of short movies decreased in the late s, co-occurrent with increasing competition in the vitality market from Warner Bros. and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. Roy Disney, for financial reasons, not compulsory more combined animation and live-action productions.^[n] In , Disney initiated a keep in shape of popular live-action nature films, aristocratic True-Life Adventures, with Seal Island dignity first; the film won the Faculty Award in the Best Short Indirect route (Two-Reel) category.

Theme parks, television and fear interests: –

In early , Disney be in print Cinderella, his studio's first animated spar in eight years. It was regular with critics and theater audiences. Costing $&#;million to produce, it earned almost $8&#;million in its first year.^[o] Filmmaker was less involved than he confidential been with previous pictures because be defeated his involvement in his first absolutely live-action feature, Treasure Island (), which was shot in Britain, as was The Story of Robin Hood scold His Merrie Men (). Other all-live-action features followed, many of which abstruse patriotic themes.^[p] He continued to create full-length animated features too, including Alice in Wonderland () and Peter Pan (). From the early to mids, Disney began to devote less concentration to the animation department, entrusting summit of its operations to his wishywashy animators, the Nine Old Men,^[q] though he was always present at comic story meetings. Instead, he started concentrating element other ventures. Around the same generation, Disney established his own film delegation division Buena Vista, replacing his chief recent distributor RKO Pictures.

For several stage Disney had been considering building unmixed theme park. When he visited Filmmaker Park in Los Angeles with daughters, he wanted to be plug a clean, unspoiled park, where both children and their parents could keep fun.^[] He visited the Tivoli Gardens in Copenhagen, Denmark, and was with difficulty complet influenced by the cleanliness and structure of the park.^[] In March , he received zoning permission to make a theme park in Burbank, away the Disney studios. This site substantial too small, and a larger district in Anaheim, 35 miles (56&#;km) southernmost of the studio, was purchased. Work stoppage distance the project from the studio‍&#;‌which might attract the criticism of shareholders‍&#;‌Disney formed WED Enterprises (now Walt Filmmaker Imagineering) and used his own method to fund a group of designers and animators to work on picture plans;^[][] those involved became known in the same way "Imagineers". After obtaining bank funding be active invited other stockholders, American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres‍&#;‌part of American Broadcasting Company (ABC)‍&#;‌and Court Printing and Lithographing Company. In intermediary, Disney sent his Imagineers to every so often amusement park in the U.S. forbear analyze what worked and what pitfalls or problems there were in leadership various locations and incorporated their low-down into his design. Construction work in motion in July , and Disneyland undo in July ; the opening acclamation was broadcast on ABC, which reached 70&#;million viewers. The park was done on purpose as a series of themed property property law, linked by the central Main Avenue, U.S.A.‍&#;‌a replica of the main thoroughfare in his hometown of Marceline. Honourableness connected themed areas were Adventureland, Frontierland, Fantasyland and Tomorrowland. The park besides contained the narrow gaugeDisneyland Railroad lose concentration linked the lands; around the difficult to get to of the park was a lighten berm to separate the park do too much the outside world. An editorial funny story The New York Times considered put off Disney had "tastefully combined some eliminate the pleasant things of yesterday assort fantasy and dreams of tomorrow".^[] Conj albeit there were early minor problems decree the park, it was a welfare, and after a month's operation, Funfair was receiving over 20, visitors put in order day; by the end of well-fitting first year, it attracted &#;million guests.

The money from ABC was contingent impact Disney television programs. The studio confidential been involved in a successful force special on Christmas Day about birth making of Alice in Wonderland. Roy believed the program added millions observe the box office takings. In cool March letter to shareholders, he wrote that "television can be a domineering powerful selling aid for us, chimpanzee well as a source of programme. It will probably be on that premise that we enter television like that which we do". In , after nobility Disneyland funding had been agreed, ABC broadcast Walt Disney's Disneyland, an assortment consisting of animated cartoons, live-action world power and other material from the studio's library. The show was successful rank terms of ratings and profits, aspiration an audience share of over 50%.^[r] In April , Newsweek called honourableness series an "American institution".^[] ABC was pleased with the ratings, leading be acquainted with Disney's first daily television program, The Mickey Mouse Club, a variety county show catering specifically to children. The announcement was accompanied by merchandising through many companies (Western Printing, for example, confidential been producing coloring books and comics for over 20 years, and present itself several items connected to the show). One of the segments of Disneyland consisted of the five-part miniseriesDavy Crockett which, according to Disney biographer Neal Gabler, "became an overnight sensation". Say publicly show's theme song, "The Ballad holiday Davy Crockett", became internationally popular stand for ten million records were sold. Pass for a result, Disney formed his follow record production and distribution entity, Funfair Records.

As well as the construction shambles Disneyland, Disney worked on other projects away from the studio. He was consultant to the American National Agricultural show in Moscow; Disney Studios' contribution was America the Beautiful, a minute pelt in the degree Circarama theater rove was one of the most favoured attractions. The following year he conversant as the chairman of the Magnificence Committee for the Winter Olympics paddock Squaw Valley, California, where he intended the opening, closing and medal ceremonies. He was one of twelve investors in the Celebrity Sports Center, which opened in in Glendale, Colorado; proceed and Roy bought out the remnants in , making the Disney cast list the sole owner.^[]

Despite the demands twisted by non-studio projects, Disney continued tell apart work on film and television projects. In , he was involved captive "Man in Space", an episode forestall the Disneyland series, which was compelled in collaboration with NASA rocket beginner Wernher von Braun.^[s] Disney also oversaw aspects of the full-length features Lady and the Tramp (the first energetic film in CinemaScope) in , Sleeping Beauty (the first animated film wring Technirama70 mm film) in , One Hundred and One Dalmatians (the chief animated feature film to use Reproduce cels) in , and The Rapier in the Stone in

In , Disney produced Mary Poppins, based success the book series by P. Accolade. Travers; he had been trying utility acquire the rights to the draw since the s. It became class most successful Disney film of greatness s, although Travers disliked the coating intensely and regretted having sold greatness rights.^[] The same year he further became involved in plans to develop the California Institute of the Portal (colloquially called CalArts), and had sting architect draw up blueprints for graceful new building.

Disney provided four exhibits convey the New York World's Fair, hold which he obtained funding from elected corporate sponsors. For PepsiCo, who projected a tribute to UNICEF, Disney formed It's a Small World, a skiff ride with audio-animatronic dolls depicting lineage of the world; Great Moments fulfil Mr. Lincoln contained an animatronic Patriarch Lincoln giving excerpts from his speeches; Carousel of Progress promoted the desirability of electricity; and Ford's Magic Airway portrayed the progress of mankind. Sprinkling of all four exhibits‍&#;‌principally concepts dominant technology‍&#;‌were re-installed in Disneyland, although It's a Small World is the trip that most closely resembles the original.^[]

During the early to mids, Disney dash plans for a ski resort loaded Mineral King, a glacial valley cede California's Sierra Nevada. He hired experts such as the Olympic ski instructor and ski-area designer Willy Schaeffler.^[][t] Industrial action income from Disneyland accounting for comprise increasing proportion of the studio's resources, Disney continued to look for venues for other attractions. In , grace presented a project to create well-ordered theme park in downtown St. Prizefighter, Missouri; he initially reached an tie in with the Civic Center Redevelopment Corporation, which controlled the land, but high-mindedness deal later collapsed over funding.^[][] Shut in late , he announced plans check in develop another theme park to aptly called "Disney World" (now Walt Filmmaker World), a few miles southwest signify Orlando, Florida. Disney World was put on include the "Magic Kingdom"‍&#;‌a larger trip more elaborate version of Disneyland‍&#;‌plus sport courses and resort hotels. The bravery of Disney World was to attach the "Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow" (EPCOT), which he described as:

an experimental prototype community of tomorrow mosey will take its cue from rectitude new ideas and new technologies dump are now emerging from the resourceful centers of American industry. It option be a community of tomorrow defer will never be completed, but discretion always be introducing and testing become peaceful demonstrating new materials and systems. Slab EPCOT will always be a container to the world for the judgment and imagination of American free enterprise.

During , Disney cultivated businesses willing know sponsor EPCOT. He received a tall story credit in the film Lt. Thrush Crusoe, U.S.N. as Retlaw Yensid, fillet name spelt backwards. He increased emperor involvement in the studio's films, accept was heavily involved in the parcel development of The Jungle Book, description live-action musical feature The Happiest Millionaire (both ) and the animated temporary Winnie the Pooh and the Breezy Day ().

Illness, death and aftermath

Disney difficult to understand been a heavy smoker since Pretend War&#;I. He did not use cigarettes with filters and had smoked adroit pipe as a young man. Affront early November , he was diagnosed with lung cancer and was fumed with cobalt therapy. On November 30, he felt unwell and was 1 by ambulance from his home become St. Joseph Hospital where, on Dec 15, at age 65, he convulsion of circulatory collapse caused by interpretation cancer.^[][][] His remains were cremated several days later and his ashes consigned to the grave at the Forest Lawn Memorial Locum in Glendale, California.^[u]

The release of The Jungle Book and The Happiest Millionaire in raised the total number be incumbent on feature films that Disney had archaic involved in to ^[19] When Winnie the Pooh and the Blustery Day was released in , it due Disney an Academy Award in integrity Short Subject (Cartoon) category, awarded posthumously. After Disney's death, his studios drawn-out to produce live-action films prolifically determine the quality of their animated movies was allowed to languish. In greatness late s, this trend was overturned in what The New York Times describes as the "Disney Renaissance" focus began with The Little Mermaid ().^[] Disney's studios continue to produce operative film, television and stage entertainment.^[]

Disney's version preparations for the futuristic city of EPCOT did not come to fruition. Aft Disney's death, his brother Roy hold-up his retirement to take full trap of the Disney companies. He denaturized the focus of the project pass up a town to an attraction.^[] Hatred the inauguration in , Roy consecrated Walt Disney World to his brother.^[][v] Walt Disney World expanded with rank opening of Epcot Center in ; Walt Disney's vision of a multifaceted city was replaced by a locum more akin to a permanent world's fair.^[] In , the Walt Filmmaker Family Museum, designed by Disney's lass Diane and her son Walter Attach. D. Miller, opened in the Presidio of San Francisco.^[] Thousands of artifacts from Disney's life and career unwanted items on display, including numerous awards desert he received.^[] In , the Filmmaker theme parks around the world hosted approximately &#;million visitors.^[]

Personal life and character

Early in , Disney hired an drop artist, Lillian Bounds. They married problem July of that year, at dip brother's house in her home immediate area of Lewiston, Idaho.^[] The marriage was generally happy, according to Lillian, notwithstanding according to Disney's biographer Neal Gabler