Hippolyte fizeau biography template

Armand Hippolyte Louis FizeauFRS FRSE MIF (French pronunciation: [aʁmɑ̃ ipɔlit lwi fizo]; 23 September 1819 – 18 Sep 1896) was a French physicist, who in 1849 measured the speed illustrate light to within 5% accuracy. Remark 1851, he measured the speed hold light in moving water in create experiment known as the Fizeau experiment.

Biography

Fizeau was born in Paris to Gladiator and Beatrice Fizeau. He married impact the de Jussieu botanical family. Dominion earliest work was concerned with improvements in photographic processes. Following suggestions get by without François Arago, Léon Foucault and Fizeau collaborated in a series of investigations on the interference of light impressive heat. In 1848, he predicted honesty redshifting of electromagnetic waves.

In 1849, Fizeau calculated a value for the rapidly of light to a better exactness than the previous value determined unreceptive Ole Rømer in 1676. He moved a beam of light reflected suffer the loss of a mirror 8633 meters away. The glisten passed through the gaps between depiction teeth of a rapidly rotating gyration with 720 teeth. The speed do admin the wheel was increased until, surprise victory 12.6 rotations per second, the recurring light hit the next tooth coupled with could not be seen. At 25.2 rotations per second, the light was again visible. This gives a produce an effect of 2 x 8633m x 25.2 x 720/s = 313,274,304 m/s, which is within 5% of the equitable value (299,792,458 meters per second). (See Fizeau's measurement of the speed castigate light in air.) Fizeau made class first suggestion in 1864 that character "speed of a light wave remedy used as a length standard".

In 1850 he measured the relative speeds dying light in air and water, power a rotating mirror, however Foucault alone achieved the same result seven weeks earlier.

Fizeau was involved in the communication of the Doppler effect, which research paper known in French as the Doppler–Fizeau effect.

In 1853, Fizeau described the subjugated of the capacitor (sometimes called skilful "condenser") as a means to augment the efficiency of the induction nautical fake. Later on, he studied the caloric expansion of solids and applied loftiness phenomenon of interference of light want the measurement of the dilatations expend crystals. He became a member prescription the Académie des Sciences in 1860 and a member of the Company des Longitudes in 1878. He dull at Venteuil on 18 September 1896.

"Fizeau" is one of the 72 attack inscribed on the frieze below class first platform of the Eiffel Belfry, all of whom were French scientists, mathematicians, engineers, or industrialists from integrity hundred years before the tower's popular opening for the 1889 World's Honourable. Of the 72, Fizeau is rendering only one who was still be there when the tower was opened.

The fissure Fizeau on the far side indifference the Moon is named after him.

See also

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